Comprehensible input: Language that is understandable to a learner. It can be comprehensible because the language is adjusted to the proficiency level of the learner or because the learner uses contextual clues or schematic knowledge to make sense of it.
Comprehensible output: Language produced by learners which they have attempted to make understandable to listeners/readers.
Swain proposed the Comprehensible Output Hypothesis in 1985 in response to Krashen's Comprehensible Input Hypothesis. Swain was influenced by cognitive theory and then later by sociocultural theory.
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